Is Signal messaging app fully HIPAA compliant for secure patient communication?

Signal uses end-to-end encryption, but it is not sufficient for HIPAA compliance as it lacks a business associate agreement and other required security features.

WhatsApp, while encrypted, also does not meet HIPAA requirements due to the absence of necessary security controls and features.

HIPAA compliant instant messaging services provide enhanced security measures, such as encryption in transit and at rest, to protect PHI during communication.

For SMS and other electronic methods of communication, healthcare organizations must implement adequate security measures and document the risk assessment process.

Signal alternatives, such as iFax, provide secure exchange of information containing PHI and help ensure HIPAA compliance.

During COVID-19, HHS relaxed enforcement of some rules for telehealth; however, this does not make Signal HIPAA compliant, as it still lacks a business associate agreement.

Signal's strong focus on privacy and security is primarily designed for personal use, rather than healthcare organizations' needs for HIPAA compliance.

End-to-end encryption, while important, is only one component of HIPAA's electronic communication requirements; other capabilities, like automatic logoff and user authentication, are also necessary.

The HHS Notification of Enforcement Discretion allows healthcare entities to use Signal without HIPAA fines; however, it is not indefinite and Signal may no longer be HIPAA compliant after March 11, 2023.

Healthcare-specific apps, like Imprivata Cortext, are designed with HIPAA compliance in mind, offering features required for secure messaging, voice and video calls, and file sharing.