# What are the long-term side effects of using anabolic steroids?

Lily Armstrong · August 4, 2026

> Cardiovascular Issues: Long-term steroid use can lead to an increased risk of heart attacks, strokes, and cardiovascular disease due to the drugs'...

Cardiovascular Issues: Long-term steroid use can lead to an increased risk of heart attacks, strokes, and cardiovascular disease due to the drugs' effects on cholesterol levels and blood pressure.

Liver Damage: Anabolic steroids can cause the liver to enlarge and increase the risk of liver cancer, peliosis hepatis (blood-filled cysts in the liver), and cholestatic jaundice.

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Hormonal Imbalances: Steroids disrupt the body's natural hormone production, leading to testicular atrophy, infertility, and gynecomastia (development of breast tissue) in men.

Psychological Issues: Long-term steroid use has been linked to mood swings, aggression, depression, and in some cases, psychosis and addiction.

Joint and Tendon Problems: Steroids can weaken connective tissues, increasing the risk of tendon ruptures and joint damage.

Stunted Growth: The use of anabolic steroids during adolescence can prematurely close the growth plates, leading to stunted growth and height.

Sexual Dysfunction: Steroid use can cause erectile dysfunction, decreased libido, and fertility issues in both men and women.

Acne and Skin Problems: Steroids can cause severe acne, oily skin, and premature baldness.

Increased Cancer Risk: Studies have found a link between long-term steroid use and an elevated risk of certain cancers, such as liver and prostate cancer.

Kidney and Bladder Issues: Steroids can lead to kidney damage, kidney stones, and an enlarged prostate, which can cause urinary problems.

Immune System Suppression: Prolonged steroid use can weaken the immune system, making users more susceptible to infections and illnesses.

Potential Genetic Alterations: There is some evidence that anabolic steroids may cause genetic changes that can be passed on to future generations.

Withdrawal Symptoms: Stopping steroid use abruptly can lead to withdrawal symptoms, including depression, fatigue, and loss of appetite.

Increased Risk of Overdose: Mixing steroids with other drugs, such as stimulants or opioids, can significantly increase the risk of overdose and other potentially fatal complications.

Complications during Pregnancy: Women who use anabolic steroids while pregnant may increase the risk of birth defects and other complications for the developing fetus.

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